Recent security strategy discourse implies a trend towards the complete mobilization of society in a new type of war, an algorithmic total war. Both mainstream and critical accounts of modern warfare with respect to the use of drones and algorithms remain limited.
In sum, with a few notable exceptions, the use of drones and algorithms are rarely considered in a holistic manner and even less so with respect to the evolving rhetoric of US security policy, which once again positions long-term power rivalries as the key imperative shaping American interests.
This paper offers a sketch of the broader concerns animated by these changes. Given the significance and further implications of these concerns, this endeavour is important as algorithmic and drone warfare are part of a much larger set of practices that encompass but are not limited to the focus on surveillance and targeted killings. Rebalancing the Opportunity Equation. In this report, we present a unique analysis that shows how the impacts of income inequality vary across the population in the Toronto region and highlight those groups bearing the burden of these trends.
The findings reveal for whom the The findings reveal for whom the opportunity equation is not working—income inequality is further disadvantaging those who already face multiple barriers to building a good life and increasingly benefitting those already doing well. The growth of income inequality is negatively impacting access to opportunity, social cohesion, and civic likeness in the Toronto region. Civic Likeness background paper. This paper offers a theoretical attempt to situate these competing processes and their purported effects within a conceptual framework that grounds our most recent empirical evidence on growing income inequality and the larger problems This paper offers a theoretical attempt to situate these competing processes and their purported effects within a conceptual framework that grounds our most recent empirical evidence on growing income inequality and the larger problems for communities that evidence suggests.
In particular, this paper builds on the theme of social cohesion as an overall outcome for and characteristic of well-functioning and just societies. Perhaps more importantly, I introduce the concept of civic likeness as a bridging concept that links a pluralistic society to social cohesion within democratic governance and situate its destabilization under the conditions of late capitalism.
While drawing upon the existing literature and policy documents on health security and its practice at the national and global levels, this article shows that the idea of health security has mostly remained rhetoric or at the most While drawing upon the existing literature and policy documents on health security and its practice at the national and global levels, this article shows that the idea of health security has mostly remained rhetoric or at the most conceptualised and operationalised within the narrow Westphalian tradition of protecting nation states from external threats.
By undertaking a critical examination of the national security strategies of some powerful G countries, we show that non-traditional threats such as infectious diseases and pandemics are either absent from the list of potential threats or are accorded a weak priority and addressed within the state and military-centric notion of security. This approach has shortcomings that are laid bare by the ongoing pandemic.
Our MA program offers foundational training in the study of politics, and we are committed to providing our students with both practical skills and sound theoretical knowledge.
Alumni of the program have embarked on successful professional careers in government and the public sector, non-profits, and the private sector, while others have gone on to pursue a PhD in political science or other related fields. Possible career paths International relations expert Lawyer Policy analyst. Your Resources Undergraduate Students Handbook. Common Questions: Is there an upcoming event where I can learn more? Am I eligible for scholarships? Scholarships Apply for scholarships and awards by February 15 and submit your application in PDF format.
Learn More. Speak with our Students Our Student Ambassadors are ready to answer your questions, show you around campus and share their experiences at York. Book a Tour with a Student. International Opportunities There are many types of global learning available to you. See your requirements, costs and deadlines:. All students in the program take the core courses in Public Administration and Public Policy. Students will take a three-course methodology sequence covering a broad scope of political inquiry, research design, qualitative methods, and quantitative analysis.
Students must earn a grade of A or B in each of the methodology courses before they can progress to the general comprehensive exams. Students are required to take at least three courses within the track they choose. For the Public Administration track, required courses are as follows: public finance, human resource management, and organizational theory.
For the Policy track, students should choose three of the following five courses: American politics and public policy, comparative politics and public policy, international relations and public policy, political theory and public policy, and public law and public policy. These electives should help the student develop expertise in a particular area of specialization. During the spring or fall semester after the course work is completed, students take comprehensive exams administered by the department.
Students will have two opportunities to pass the comprehensive exams and must pass each written examination before scheduling the oral examination. Upon successful completion of the comprehensive exams, students should prepare a prospectus to present to their dissertation committee during their oral examinations. Admission to doctoral candidacy is contingent upon successful completion of all elements of the written and oral doctoral exams.
After completion of the dissertation, the students must pass a final oral examination defending their dissertation work before their committee and a University Reader approved by the Graduate School.
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